Mesmerizing Leiden is the homeland of many great artists and winners of the Nobel Prize. In modern times, this city in the Netherlands has turned into an important tourist destination, and there is a reason for such popularity. This gorgeous settlement has a rich past that is like a magnet for guests. Leiden shares its interesting history with every guest and gladly uncovers the historical and cultural heritage of the region. The Leiden University, which is famous on the country level, beautiful old buildings and waterfronts – all of them are eager to tell you the history of the region and explain why this city inspired so many genius people and encouraged them to create their masterpieces. The first mention of Leiden in the annals dates back to 922. At that time, this region belonged to the Bishop of Utrecht. The first castle in the area appeared in the 12th century. Steadily, the area around the castle became a popular marketplace. When the Hundred Years' War started, many weavers from Ypres found shelter in Leiden. This event gave a major boost to the development of the weaving industry in the Dutch city. In 1581, the Elzevirs, a famous Dutch family of booksellers, settled and started working in Leiden. During the Eighty Years’ War, starting from spring and until autumn 1574, the Spanish occupied Leiden. In order to defeat the invaders, local people, who were suffering from hunger, had to cut the dikes and flood their home city. The Spanish left Leiden. Ships
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When it comes to historic landmarks of the Netherlands, breath-taking medieval castles must be mentioned first. There is an interesting legend about Radbound Castle that was built in the 13th century in order to protect the border with Friesland. During several centuries the castle was an irreplaceable facility until a part of its towers and protective walls were destroyed in 1578. The stones obtained in such a way were used to build a sea dam. Muiderslot Castle was built in 1280 by the order of Count Florice V. In 1609, Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft became the owner of the castle and turned it into a venue for various theatre performances, concerts and balls. Once a severe fortress, Muiderslot Castle has turned into a luxurious palace. Nowadays, halls of the castle exhibit the collections of the State Museum. Travelers are also recommended to visit De Haar Castle, which original design is reminiscent of a traditional Bavarian palace. During its centuries-old history the castle was destroyed several times, but every time it was carefully restored afterwards. Nowadays, visitors are able to see the castle exactly the way it was restored by skilled masters of the 18th century.
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